{"id":61415,"date":"2018-06-22T11:53:19","date_gmt":"2018-06-22T09:53:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thedigitalnewdeal.org\/?p=61415"},"modified":"2021-05-24T16:30:43","modified_gmt":"2021-05-24T14:30:43","slug":"ladministration-la-nouvelle-aventure-entrepreneuriale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thedigitalnewdeal.org\/en\/ladministration-la-nouvelle-aventure-entrepreneuriale\/","title":{"rendered":"L’ADMINISTRATION, LA NOUVELLE AVENTURE ENTREPRENEURIALE ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row unlock_row_content=”yes” row_height_percent=”0″ override_padding=”yes” h_padding=”0″ top_padding=”0″ bottom_padding=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ gutter_size=”0″ column_width_percent=”80″ shift_y=”0″ z_index=”0″][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”2″ overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”7″ mobile_width=”7″ width=”2\/3″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][vc_custom_heading heading_semantic=”h1″ text_size=”bigtext” text_weight=”400″ subheading=”22\/06\/2018″]L’ADMINISTRATION, LA NOUVELLE AVENTURE ENTREPRENEURIALE ?[\/vc_custom_heading][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\"Arno
Arno Pons \u2013 D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Fondation Digital New Deal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

[Et si on disruptait la fonction publique ?] \u00c0 l’heure o\u00f9 Emmanuel Macron va acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la r\u00e9forme de l’\u00c9tat avec la remise des propositions de la mission “Action publique 2022”, la Fondation publie un nouveau rapport sur “Le Service Public Citoyen<\/span>“<\/em><\/a>.<\/em> Dans ce cadre, Arno Pons, d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Digital New Deal Foundation et enseignant \u00e0 Sciences Po, plaide pour moins de technocratie et pour plus de technologie dans la fonction publique, avec des agents publics intrapreneurs, acteurs de l’innovation. <\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Pourquoi adorons-nous des services payants d\u2019entreprises comme Apple et maugr\u00e9ons-nous devant les services publics qui font pourtant bien plus dans nos vies ? N\u2019est-il pas paradoxal d\u2019avoir une vision n\u00e9gative de l\u2019administration, alors que nous la croisons dans les moments les plus importants de nos existences ? L\u2019\u00e9ducation de nos enfants, notre sant\u00e9, notre s\u00e9curit\u00e9, etc. Nous croyons fermement la France capable de changer cette donne en devenant pr\u00e9curseur d\u2019une nouvelle forme de politiques publiques collaboratives. Elle peut prendre le lead d\u2019un \u00ab Public tech \u00bb en Europe, et placer le secteur institutionnel au m\u00eame niveau d\u2019innovation que les greentech ou fintech, pour en faire un levier politique d\u2019innovation au niveau europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n

Encore faut-il que l\u2019\u00c9tat, colonne vert\u00e9brale de notre soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et de notre \u00e9conomie, sache redevenir un \u00c9tat strat\u00e8ge. L\u2019\u00c9tat strat\u00e8ge que nous appelons de nos v\u0153ux, c\u2019est celui qui fera b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier notre pays des fantastiques potentialit\u00e9s que rec\u00e8le le num\u00e9rique. L\u2019\u00c9tat strat\u00e8ge, c\u2019est celui qui, conscient qu\u2019il ne peut pas tout faire, surtout dans un contexte budg\u00e9taire contraint, fera \u00e9voluer les politiques publiques afin que chaque acteur \u2013 \u00e0 commencer par lui-m\u00eame, mais \u00e9galement les collectivit\u00e9s territoriales, les entreprises et \u00e9galement les citoyens \u2013 puisse d\u00e9ployer toute son inventivit\u00e9 dans un syst\u00e8me profond\u00e9ment repens\u00e9. L\u2019\u00c9tat strat\u00e8ge, c\u2019est celui qui, tournant le dos \u00e0 la vision bonapartiste, verticale et largement autoritaire, mettra les diff\u00e9rents acteurs en r\u00e9seau et d\u00e9l\u00e9guera \u00e0 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile les missions qu\u2019il n\u2019est plus capable d\u2019assurer.<\/p>\n

Pour cela, la France peut s\u2019appuyer sur deux forces vives compl\u00e9mentaires d\u00e9j\u00e0 en place : les entreprises priv\u00e9es via la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de mission de service public et les fonctionnaires via une red\u00e9finition de leurs pr\u00e9rogatives.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le num\u00e9rique n\u2019est pas un cheval de Troie lib\u00e9ral, briseur d\u2019esprit et de service public \u00bb<\/h3>\n

Pour les premiers, l’enjeu est d’\u00e9largir le cadre de ces d\u00e9l\u00e9gations de service de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral aux citoyens (c’est le sens de la proposition “Service Public Citoyen<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/span>” de Paul Duan que nous publions \u00e0 la Fondation Digital New Deal).<\/p>\n

Pour les seconds, l’enjeu est de repenser en profondeur le r\u00f4le des 5,6 millions agents publics au prisme des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s d’aujourd’hui. Ils ne seront plus, comme leur action s’y est trop longtemps vue limiter, les interm\u00e9diaires entre l’\u00c9tat et les citoyens-usagers. Leur r\u00f4le doit \u00eatre con\u00e7u comme celui d’acteurs de l’innovation, d’intrapreneurs publics… Si elle ne prend pas conscience de ces \u00e9volutions in\u00e9luctables, la fonction publique risque d’\u00eatre l’instrument de la proph\u00e9tie d’Emmanuel Mounier : \u00ab La grande \u00e9preuve du si\u00e8cle sera sans doute d’\u00e9viter la dictature des technocrates qui, de droite ou de gauche, oublient l’homme sous l’organisation. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Pour b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de leur entier concours \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique, une mise \u00e0 jour du logiciel administratif est donc n\u00e9cessaire. C’est peu dire du statut actuel des trois fonctions publiques (\u00c9tat, collectivit\u00e9s territoriales, h\u00f4pitaux) qu’il est en retard par rapport \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution num\u00e9rique. Dire cela n’est pas c\u00e9der aux sir\u00e8nes de la modernit\u00e9 ! Le num\u00e9rique offre de formidables opportunit\u00e9s d\u00e8s lors qu’on en appr\u00e9hende le fonctionnement et en \u00e9carte les biais inh\u00e9rents. Il n’est pas, comme l’est souvent tax\u00e9e toute r\u00e9flexion un peu disruptive sur le r\u00f4le et la place de l’\u00c9tat, un cheval de Troie lib\u00e9ral, briseur d’esprit et de service public. Au contraire, le num\u00e9rique doit \u00eatre v\u00e9cu comme une chance, au premier rang par les agents publics eux-m\u00eames. Il peut permettre de renouer les liens souvent distendus avec des usagers que trop d’exp\u00e9riences rat\u00e9es – nous avons tous connu des files d’attente interminables, des formulaires abscons ont f\u00e2ch\u00e9s avec leur service public.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

Moins de technocrates, plus de technologie<\/h3>\n

La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de service public ne permettrait pas seulement de r\u00e9aliser des \u00e9conomies potentielles, mais \u00e9galement de d\u00e9gager des heures de travail rendues disponibles. On touche ici \u00e0 un point essentiel, qui apporte d’ailleurs une r\u00e9ponse aux craintes exprim\u00e9es par les syndicats de fonctionnaires en mati\u00e8re d’emploi quand il s’agit de mutation : le num\u00e9rique, s’il permet d’augmenter la productivit\u00e9 de la gestion publique, n’est pas une fin en soi ! Son objectif n’est pas de diminuer la masse de temps de travail produit par la fonction publique, mais de la transformer afin d’am\u00e9liorer le service \u00e0 l’usager et l’int\u00e9r\u00eat de chaque agent public pour sa mission. Sur ce dernier point, il faut sans doute sortir des anath\u00e8mes et des visions “courtelinesques” pour regarder la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 en face : si beaucoup d’usagers se plaignent de la lenteur et de la complexit\u00e9 des proc\u00e9dures, les agents publics charg\u00e9s de les mettre en oeuvre en sont souvent tout autant les victimes ! Le num\u00e9rique est donc l’opportunit\u00e9 de r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 une exigence d’efficacit\u00e9 et de modernit\u00e9 dont chacun b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiera, le citoyen comme l’agent public.<\/p>\n

Pour l’illustrer, prenons l’exemple cit\u00e9 dans ce dossier du travail effectu\u00e9 par Paul Duan avec son ONG Bayes Impact : une plateforme Internet accessible gratuitement, qui, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un algorithme nourri notamment par les donn\u00e9es de P\u00f4le emploi, propose \u00e0 ses utilisateurs des conseils cibl\u00e9s et personnalis\u00e9s en fonction de leur profil. Son but est de faciliter le parcours des ch\u00f4meurs dans la recherche d’emploi, mais aussi de lib\u00e9rer du temps pour les conseillers de P\u00f4le emploi afin qu’ils puissent se concentrer sur les aspects humains.<\/p>\n

La France, en conjuguant le mot entreprendre \u00e0 l’action publique, peut faire oublier le terme administrer. \u00ab Administrer un m\u00e9dicament \u00bb, \u00ab administrer une collectivit\u00e9 \u00bb, est-il en effet chose plus inappropri\u00e9e \u00e0 la complexit\u00e9 et aux d\u00e9fis de notre temps que ce verbe qui sonne aujourd’hui comme la cause des maux qu’il est pourtant suppos\u00e9 soigner ? Est-il verbe plus routinier, qui exprime autant le rejet du dynamisme, de la flexibilit\u00e9, de l’inventivit\u00e9 ?<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Une chose, \u00e0 ce stade, nous para\u00eet \u00e9vidente : le num\u00e9rique est l’occasion d’une refondation profonde de la relation contractuelle et statutaire entre les administrations publiques et ses agents, d’un New Deal comparable \u00e0 ce qu’ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en son temps la r\u00e9daction et la mise en \u0153uvre du statut de la fonction publique en 1946. Ce chemin inspir\u00e9 par la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de r\u00e9former en profondeur, vers lequel nous conduit la modernit\u00e9, cette “force qui va” dont parlait Chateaubriand, doit \u00eatre arpent\u00e9 sans amertume ni reniement.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space empty_h=”2″][\/vc_column][vc_column column_width_percent=”100″ gutter_size=”3″ back_color=”color-lxmt” overlay_alpha=”50″ shift_x=”0″ shift_y=”0″ shift_y_down=”0″ z_index=”0″ medium_width=”7″ mobile_width=”7″ width=”1\/3″][vc_empty_space empty_h=”3″][vc_custom_heading text_color=”accent”]<\/p>\n

\u00c9DITO<\/h2>\n

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Aujourd\u2019hui, l\u2019innovation technologique profite majoritairement aux int\u00e9r\u00eats priv\u00e9s, et les innovations sociales \u2013 aussi prometteuses soient elles \u2013 peinent \u00e0 atteindre une envergure \u00e0 la hauteur des enjeux de soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":57342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nL'ADMINISTRATION, LA NOUVELLE AVENTURE ENTREPRENEURIALE ? - Digital New Deal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aujourd\u2019hui, l\u2019innovation technologique profite majoritairement aux int\u00e9r\u00eats 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